Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu Kurumsal Araştırma Arşivi

Kurum yayınları ve kurum çalışanlarının yayınları “Açık Erişim” kapsamında yayınlanmaktadır. Açık Erişim “evrensel nitelikteki bilimsel bilginin insanlığın yararına sunulması” amacını taşır. Tezler, konferans bildirileri ve sunumlar ile makaleler kurum çalışanları tarafından sisteme girilmektedir.Tezler için; YÖK'ten alınan görüş doğrultusunda tez sahibinin izin vermesi yeterlidir. Konferans bildirileri ve sunumların yayına gönderildiği son hali arşive konulabilir.Makaleler için ise; hakem onayından geçmiş, yayına gönderildiği son halinin (post-print) Açık Erişime sunulmasına yayıncılar %90 oranında izin vermektedir. Arşivde şu an 1.639 yayın bulunmaktadır, çalışma bitiminde bu sayı yaklaşık 2.000 yayın sayısına ulaşacaktır.

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Determination of Effective Mutation Dose (ED50) to be Used in Variety Treatment in Tea Plant

(Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Journal of Science and Engineering, 2025-03-04) GÖKSU KARAOĞLU Burcu; AKA KAÇAR Yıldız; TANER KANTOĞLU Yaprak; KUNTER Burak; YAZICI Keziban

Although tea is cultivated only in the Eastern Black Sea region of Türkiye, all tea plantations in the area have been established from seeds since the beginning of tea farming. This has negatively affected both yield and quality. The high level of heterozygosity in tea plants and the presence of self-incompatibility mechanisms prolong breeding efforts. Mutation breeding is used as a fast and practical method to induce genetic variation. In leading teaproducing countries such as China, India, Kenya, and Sri Lanka, commercially important tea cultivars have been developed through mutation breeding. However, no such studies have been conducted in Türkiye. This study aimed to determine the effective mutation dose that can be used to induce variation in tea plants. The research was conducted between 2020 and 2021 at the Tea Research Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University. The plant material used was 3–4-node shoots of the Zihni Derin tea cultivar. These shoots were irradiated with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 Gray (Gy) doses using the “Ob-Servo Sanguis Co-60 Research Irradiator” gamma irradiation device at the Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency. Single-node cuttings obtained from the irradiated shoots were planted in a peat-vermiculite mixture. Survival and rooting rates of the tea cuttings exposed to different gamma doses were recorded, and shoot length (mm) was measured in the growing tea seedlings. Survival and rooting rates decreased with increasing radiation dose. Based on a probit regression analysis of shoot length, the “Effective Mutation Dose” for tea was determined to be 11.45 Gy. This study represents the first mutation breeding research on tea in Türkiye and is expected to provide a foundation for future work in this field.

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In vitro Mutasyon Islahı Çalışmalarına Yönelik Olarak Farklı Gama Işını Kaynaklarının Kalanşo (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Poelnn.) Yaprak Ayası Eksplantı Üzerine Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması

(Dergipark, 2025-03-25) Çakın, Irmak; Kunter, Burak; Kantoğlu, Kadriye Yaprak; GÖKTUĞ, Aslıhan; AKYÜZ, Ebru; ELLİALTIOĞLU, Ş.Şebnem

Kalanşo (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Poelnn.) uzun ömürlü iç mekân süs bitkisi türlerinden biri olup in vitro rejenerasyon kabiliyeti yüksektir. Bu araştırmada in vitro mutasyon ıslahı çalışmasına yönelik olarak yaprak ayası eksplantlarında, iki farklı gama ışınlama kaynağında ışınlama yapılarak etkili mutasyon dozlarının belirlenmesi (EMD₅₀) ve kaynak etkisinin ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla her dozda 60’şar yaprak ayası eksplantı olacak şekilde in vitro kültürler on dört farklı dozda (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140 ve 160 Gy) Co⁶⁰ (235 Gy/h) ve Cs¹³⁷ (821 Gy/h) gama ışın kaynakları ile ışınlanmıştır. Işınlanan in vitro eksplantlar ışınlama sonrasında rejenerasyon ortamına (2.0 mg.L⁻¹ TDZ ve 0.5 mg.L⁻¹ NAA) transfer edilmişlerdir. Işınlamayı takip eden kırk beşinci günde eksplantlarda sürgün rejenerasyonu başarı yüzdeleri tespit edilerek iki farklı gama kaynağının etkileri karşılaştırılmıştır. In vitro rejenerasyon amacıyla S2 kodlu uygulamanın (%15’lik NaClO içeren sterilizasyon çözeltisi) ve R3 kodlu 2.0 mg.L⁻¹ TDZ ve 0.5 mg.L⁻¹ NAA içeren MS besin ortamının kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir. EMD₅₀ dozu olarak; Cs¹³⁷ kaynağı için 79.97 Gy ve Co⁶⁰ kaynağı için ise 103.54 Gy hesaplanmıştır. Bununla birlikte kobalt kaynağı için daha yüksek dozlarda bazı yeni uygulamaların yapılması önerilmiştir. Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Poelnn.) is a long-lived indoor ornamental plant species with high in vitro regeneration ability. The aim of this study was to determine the effective mutation doses (EMD₅₀) in leaf blade explants for in vitro mutation breeding using two different gamma irradiation sources and to identify the source effect. For this purpose, in vitro cultures were irradiated with ⁶⁰Co (235 Gy/h) and ¹³⁷Cs (821 Gy/h) gamma ray sources at fourteen different doses (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140, and 160 Gy) with 60 leaf blade explants at each dose. Irradiated in vitro explants were transferred to the regeneration medium (2 mg.L⁻¹ TDZ and 0.5 mg.L⁻¹ NAA) after irradiation. Indirect shoot regeneration success percentages were determined on the forty-fifth day following irradiation, and the effects of the two different gamma sources were compared. S2 (15% NaClO sterilization solution) and R3 (MS nutrient medium containing 2.0 mg.L⁻¹ TDZ and 0.5 mg.L⁻¹ NAA) could be used for in vitro regeneration. The EMD₅₀ dose was calculated as 79.97 Gy for the ¹³⁷Cs source and 103.54 Gy for the ⁶⁰Co source. However, some new applications of higher doses of cobalt sources have been suggested for higher doses of cobalt source.

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Membrane-Based Configurations for Rare Earth Recovery from Coal Processing Residue Leachate: A Comparative Study

(Elsevier, 2026-05-14) Tuncay, Gizem; Ozgur, Ozgun Cem; Yuksekdag, Ayse; Mutlu, Borte Kose; Yuksel, Berna; Soydas Sozer, Belma; Koyuncu, Ismail

Rare earth elements (REE) are essential for high-tech industries, and their sustainable recovery from secondary resources is increasingly critical. Coal processing residues - specifically coal washing waste (CWW) from coal preparation represent a promising but underexplored secondary source of REE. This study investigates, for the first time, the recovery of REE from CWW leachates using nanofiltration (NF) and supported liquid membranes (SLM), both individually and in a sequential NF+SLM configuration. NF experiments were conducted at pH ranges of 1.5–3.5 and recovery ratios (RR) of 50–80%. Results showed that low pH–low RR conditions favoured REE concentration by suppressing precipitation and surface retention, whereas high pH–high RR promoted major ion deposition, reducing REE selectivity. Direct SLM experiments revealed that REE transport is jointly governed by feed pH and strip acidity. Using 15% D2EHPA as the carrier and nitric acid as the strip solution, 4 M HNO3 yielded the optimum balance, achieving total REE purities above 50% with low losses. In the sequential NF+SLM configuration, NF effectively increased REE concentrations in the feed. However, co-concentration of major ions led to competitive transport in SLM, affecting REE recovery and purity compared to direct SLM. Mass balance analysis confirmed that major ions accumulated within the membrane, suppressing selectivity. Overall, this work establishes CWW as a viable secondary source for REE and introduces NF+SLM as a potential process. While direct SLM from MF effluent is highlighted as a robust baseline, when NF+SLM parameters are optimized, higher purity and sustainable REE recovery within circular economy strategies can be achieved.

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Irrigation Cycle Optimization and Water Management in Stevia Production in Vertical Hydroponic Systems

(Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP), 2026-05-19) Çetintaş, Aydın Ozan; Apaydın, Halit; Kunter, Burak; Turan, Özlem; Çakın, Irmak; Kantoğlu, Kadriye Yaprak

Vertical hydroponic systems are becoming a key component of sustainable agriculture by enabling year-round production in limited space and closed-loop water management. In this study, the effects of irrigation cycling on the growth, biomass, biochemical quality, and water use efficiency of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in vertical hydroponic systems were investigated. The experiment was conducted under four irrigation cycle conditions—each defined by a different off-time per tower (H1: 150 s, H2: 300 s, H3: 450 s, H4: 600 s) with a fixed 15-second on-time—in four independent towers each with 21 planting slots. Seedlings obtained from the same individual were distributed in a balanced short-to-long arrangement to standardize initial conditions. The 300-second off-time group (H2) achieved the highest values in dry biomass (1.90 ± 1.04 g/plant), total phenolic content (7.14 ± 0.34 mg gallic acid equivalents/g), DPPH antioxidant activity (5.90 ± 0.15 mmol Trolox equivalent/g), and yield-based water use efficiency (3.17 g/L). The group with the longest off-time (H4: 600 s) reduced water consumption but fell notably behind in biomass and quality parameters. Stem length on day 30 showed a strong Spearman correlation with dry weight (ρ = 0.873, p < 0.001), suggesting that non-destructive dimensional measurements can serve as practical biomass predictors. The findings demonstrate that a 300-second off-time simultaneously optimizes growth, biochemical quality, and water efficiency in vertical hydroponic Stevia production, and indicate that irrigation cycle design should consider product quality and biomass yield integrity alongside water savings.

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Multilayer ZTA-core composite with bio-derived coatings for space radiation shielding against gamma, proton, and neutron radiation

(ELSEVIER, 2026-05-27) Yıldırım, Aydın; Opçin, Büşra

This study numerically evaluates the radiation shielding performance of a multilayer ceramic architecture consisting of a zirconia toughened alumina core with mycelium-based coatings, including melanized variants, under gamma rays, neutrons, and protons. Photon attenuation is simulated using Geant4 and benchmarked against XCOM, and standard gamma shielding metrics are reported for the multilayer configuration. Neutron response is quantified through macroscopic removal cross sections in the 2 to 10 MeV range and thick-ness dependent transmission factors for fast and thermal neutrons, where clearer separation among coatingoptionsisobservedinthethermalregion. Proton stopping power and depth dependent LETprofilesareobtainedwithSRIM/TRIMfor10to50MeV,andtheBraggpeakpositionisusedtoassesslayerthicknessrequirements.Thecompositesystemshowsphotonattenuationbetweenconcreteandlead,whileneutronperformancedependsstronglyoncoatingcomposition.Overall,theresultsestablishadirectlinkbetweenarchi-tecturalparametersandradiationresponse,providingguidanceforthedesignandoptimizationoflayeredceramicshieldingsystems.

Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu Kurumsal Araştırma Arşivi

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