Browsing by All Authors "Kam, Erol"
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Item A portable fast neutron radiography system for nondestructive analysis(SCİENDO, 2019) Kam, Erol; Reyhancan, İskender Atilla; Bıyık, Recep; 0000-0001-7929-4395; TAEK-ÇNAEMDepending on the neutron energy used, neutron radiography can be generally categorized as fast and thermal neutron radiography. Fast Neutron Radiography (FNR) with neutron energy more than 1 MeV opens up a new range of possibilities for a nondestructive inspection when the inspected object is thick or dense. Other traditional techniques, such as X-ray, gamma ray and thermal neutron radiography do not meet FNRs penetration capabilities in this area. Because of these distinctive features, this technique used in different industrial applications such as security (cargo investigation for contraband such as narcotics, explosives and illicit drugs ), gas/liquid flow and mixing, radiography and tomography of encapsulated heavy shielded low Z compound materials. The FNR images are produced directly during exposure; the neutrons create recoil protons, the protons activate a scintillator screen, the images can be collected with a computer controlled charge –coupled device (CCD) camera and finally the picture can be saved on a computer for the image processing. The aim of this research is to set up a portable fast neutron radiography (FNR) system and to test it for use in nondestructive testing of different composite materials. Experiments were carried out by using fast portative neutron generator Thermo Fischer MP320.Item Accelerator based fast radiography system for the non destructive analysis and some applications in Turkey(IAEA, 2014-07-23) Bıyık, Recep; Kam, Erol; 0000-0001-7929-4395; TAEK-ÇNAEMDifferent radiography imaging techniques such as x, gamma and neutron grapy are well established techniques for the nondestructive testing (NDT) of materials. But Fast Neutron Radiography (FNR) is relatively new and is being developed. Using this technique all materials such as high density metals, loaded plastics, cadmium, lead, tungsten, concrete etc. can be analyzed. Compare to the other techniques fast neutrons enable non-destructive testing of thicker object The FNR studies were initiated in Turkey at 2007. The aim of this project was to set up a portable fast neutron radiography (FNR) system and to test it for use in nondestructive testing of different composite materials. In the fast neutron radiography systems accelerator based neutron generators are used which requires a particle accelerator and a target. Proton or deuteron beam is accelerated to the desired energy and bombards the target material to produce fast neutrons by a nuclear reaction. DT neutron source was used fusion of a deuterium and a tritium atom (D + T) results in the formation of a He-4 ion and a neutron with a kinetic energy of approximately 14.1 MeV. In this study we have only demonstrated a portable digital fast neutron radiography system and some images of the different composite materials to show efficiency. Experiments were carried out by using fast portative neutron generator Thermo Fischer MP320 and Low Energy Ion Accelerator Sames T400 at Çekmece Nuclear Research and Training Centre.Item Environmental radioactivity and high incidence rates of stomach and esophagus cancer in the Van lake region: A causal relationship?(West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention (WAOCP), 2014) Akan, Zafer; Başkurt, Büşranur; Aslıyüksek, Hızır; Kam, Erol; Yılmaz, Ahmet; Yüksek, Mehmet Bilgehan; Bıyık, Recep; Esen, Ramazan; Koca, Doğan; 0000-0001-7929-4395; TAEK-ÇNAEMThis study examined the incidence rates of cancer cases (averages for 2006-2010) and relationships with environmental radioactivity levels. Soil and water samples were collected from provincial and district centers of Van city and the outdoor gamma doses were determined using a portable gamma scintillation detector. Gross alpha and beta, (226)Ra, (232)Th, and (40)K activities were measured in both tap water and soil samples. Although high rates of stomach and esophagus cancers have been reported previously in Van the underlying reasons have not hitherto been defined. Incidences of cancers were highest in the Gurpınar (326.0) and Ozalp (377.1) counties (p<0.001). As to the results of the gross alpha and gross beta radioactivity measurements in the drinking water, these two counties also had high beta radionuclide levels: Gurpınar (140 mBq/dm³) and Ozalp (206 mBq/dm³). Even if within the normal range, a relation between the higher rate of the incidence of stomach and esophagus cancers with that of the higher rate of beta radionuclide activity was clear. On Spearman correlation analysis, the relation between higher beta radionuclide levels and cancer incidence was found to be statistically significant (p<0.01). According to the results of the analysis, Van residents receive an average 1.86 mSv/y annual dose from outdoor gamma radiation, ingestion of radionuclides in the drinking water, and indoor 222Rn activity. Moreover, gross alpha and beta activities were found to be extremely high in all of the lakes around the city of Van, Turkey. Further investigations with long-term detailed environmental radiation measurements are needed regarding the relationship between cancer cases and environmental radioactivity in the city of Van.Item Mersin-Kars-Iğdır-Bartın-Karabük illerinin doğal fon radyasyonu haritasının çıkarılması ve eser element analizleri(Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu, 2015) Karahan, Gürsel; Bıyık, Recep; Güngör, Emin; Bingöldağ, Nesli; Ataksor, Berna; Şimşek, Volkan; Özüağ, Cevdet; Akkaş, Ayhan; Baş Mor, Hatice; Koçak, Mehmet; Kam, Erol; Aybers, Timuçin; Yüksel, Ayhan; Güngör, Nurdan; Orhan, Nilgün; Küçükcezzar, Rezzan; Yüksel, Zeynep; Taşkın, Halim; Öztürk, Neşet; Güneş, Şerife; Akkurt, İbrahim; Kapdan, Enis; Bayülken, Seval; Başsarı, Asiye; Yılmaz, Yusuf Ziya; Varinlioğlu, Ahmet; Kaygun, Aysun; Aykurt, Sacide; TAEK-ÇNAEMBu çalışma, Türkiye’nin il-il doğal fon haritasının hazırlanmasını, toprak yapısının radyolojik yönden değerlendirilmesini, içme sularında doğal radyoaktivite değerlerinin tespit edilmesini, toprak ve su örneklerinde eser ve toksik element analizlerinin yapılmasını ve ilgili kaynaklardan toplumun maruz kaldığı yıllık etkin dozun tespit edilmesini amaçlayan “Çevresel radyolojik izleme ve dozimetrik değerlendirme yapılması” faaliyeti kapsamında yürütülen çalışmaların düzenli aralıklarla sunulacak olan teknik raporlar serisinin ilkidir ve Mersin, Kars, İğdır, Bartın ve Karabük illerinin sonuçlarını içermektedir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde; • Mersin Karabük İğdır ve Bartın illeri toprak örnekleri radyoaktivite konsantrasyon değerleri ve dış ortam gama doz hızları ortalamaları Türkiye ve Dünya ortalamalarına yakın olmakla birlikte özellikle Kars ili ölçümlerinin dünya ortalamasının yaklaşık 2,5 katı civarında olduğu, • 5 ile ait içme suyu örneklerinde, toplam alfa aktivite sonuçlarının hepsinin, WHO tarafından, belirlenen, 0,5 Bq/L değerinden düşük olduğu, toplam beta aktivite konsantrasyonlarının ise, sadece Karabük iline ait bir noktada, sınır değeri 1 Bq/L aştığı, • Toplanan toprak örnekleri üzerinde “Toprak Kirliliğinin Kontrolü Yönetmeliği” ne göre yapılan eser element analiz değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre illerde belirli lokasyonlarda sınır değerlerin aşıldığı, bu değerlerin MTA’nın ilgili bölgeler için düzenlemiş olduğu raporlarla uyum içerisinde olduğu, • İçme suyu örnekleri için yapılan anyon ve katyon değerleri sonuçlarının, EPA, WHO, Kanada, EEC ve TS 266 İçme Suyu Standartları ile mukayese edildiği ve kullanılmasında ve tüketilmesinde sakınca görülen noktaların belirlendiği anlaşılmaktadır. Yukarıda ifade edilen analiz sonuçları rapor içerisinde tablolar, grafikler ve eşdeğer değişim haritalandırma yöntemleri kullanılarak görselleştirilmiş ve kolay anlaşılabilir formatta sunulmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca illere ait ayrıntılı analiz sonuçları incelenen noktanın konum ve koordinat bilgileri dâhil olmak üzere Ek dosyalarda sunulmuştur.Item The portable fast neutron radiography system for the non destructive analysis(8-th International Conference Nuclear and Radiation Physics, 2011) Bıyık, Recep; Kam, Erol; 0000-0001-7929-4395; TAEK-ÇNAEMThe aim of this research is to set up a portable fast neutron radiography (FNR) system and to test it for use in non destructive testing of different composite materials. FNR systems provide distinctive advantages in non-destructive evaluation of thick composite materials. Other traditional techniques, such as X-ray, gamma ray and thermal neutron radiography do not meet FNRs capabilities in this area. The FNR images are produced directly during exposure; the neutrons create recoil protons, the protons activate a scintillator screen, the images can be collected with computer controlled CCD camera and the final picture can be saved on computer for the image processing. Experiments were carried out by using fast portative neutron generator Thermo Fischer MP320 at Çekmece Nuclear Research and Training Centre.