Browsing by ORCID "0000-0001-5314-7952"

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    ÇAY BİTKİSİNDE YENİ ÇEŞİTLERİN ELDE EDİLMESİ AMACI İLE ETKİLİ MUTASYON DOZUNUN BELİRLENMESİ DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTIVE MUTATION DOSE FOR THE PURPOSE OF OBTAINING NEW VARIETIES IN TEA PLANT
    (Türkiye Enerji, Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu (TENMAK), 2024-04-29) GÖKSU KARAOĞLU, Burcu; YAZICI, Keziban; KANTOĞLU, Yaprak; KUNTER, Burak; AKA KAÇAR, Yıldız
    Çay dünyada sudan sonra en fazla tüketilen içecek bitkisidir. Türkiye’de sadece Doğu Karadeniz bölümünde yetiştiriciliği yapılmaktadır. Yetiştiriciliğin yaygınlaşmaya başladığı tarihten bu yana tüm bahçeler tohumla tesis edilmiş olup klon çay çeşitleri ile tesis edilmiş bahçeler bulunmamakta bu da verim ve kaliteye etki etmektedir. Çay bitkisinde heterezigoti oranının yüksek olması ve kendine uyuşmazlık mekanizmasının varlığı ıslah çalışmalarının süresini uzatmaktadır. Mutasyon ıslahı, çay bitkisinde genetik çeşitlilik ortaya çıkarmak için hızlı ve pratik bir yöntemdir. Çay üretiminde önemli olan Çin, Hindistan, Kenya ve Sri Lanka gibi ülkelerde mutasyon ıslahı ile ticarete konu olan önemli çay çeşitleri geliştirilmiştir. Ülkemizde ise bu konuda bir çalışma yapılmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı çayda mutasyon ıslahı yöntemini kullanarak varyasyon yaratmak ve yeni çay çeşit adayları geliştirmektir. Çalışmamız Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, araştırma seralarında 2020 ile 2023 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada materyal olarak kullanılan Zihni Derin çay çeşidine ait 3-4 gözlü sürgünlere Türkiye Enerji Nükleer ve Maden Araştırma Kurumu’nda İzotop marka “Ob-Servo Sanguis Co-60 Research Irradiator” model gama ışınlama cihazı ile 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 ve 70 Gy dozlarında ışınlama yapılmıştır. Işınlamadan sonra tek gözlü olarak alınan çay çelikleri torf-vermikulit karışımına dikilmiştir. Farklı dozlarda gama ışını uygulanan çay çeliklerinin canlılık ve köklenme oranları belirlenmiş büyüyen çay fidanlarında ise sürgün uzunluğu (mm) ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Sürgün uzunluğuna göre yapılan probit regresyon analizine göre “Etkili Mutasyon Dozunun’’ 11,45 Gy olduğu tespit edilikten sonra ana mutant populasyonu oluşturmak için çay çelikleri üzerine bu doz uygulanmıştır. Uygulamadan sonra M1V1 generasyonu oluşturulmuştur. M1V1 generasyonu Ek-2 üzerinde ölçüm ve gözlemler yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, M1V1-V3 generasyonlarında mutant çay bitkilerinde büyük oranda varyasyon meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile 140 adet mutant çay genotipi elde edilmiş olup, bu genotipler Ulusal Çay Gen Havuzumuza aktarılacaktır. Tea is the second most consumed beverage plant in the world after water. It is only cultivated in the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Since the beginning of cultivation, all gardens have been established with seeds, and there are no gardens established with clonal tea varieties, which also affects yield and quality. The high heterozygosity rate in tea plants and the presence of self-incompatibility mechanisms prolong the duration of breeding studies. Mutation breeding is a rapid and practical method for generating genetic diversity in tea plants. Important tea varieties that are traded have been developed through mutation breeding in countries such as China, India, Kenya, and Sri Lanka, which are important in tea production. No studies have been conducted on this issue in our country. The aim of this study is to create variation and develop new tea variety candidates using the mutation breeding method in tea. Our study was conducted at the Research Greenhouses of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Agriculture, between 2020 and 2023. In the study, 3-4-eyed shoots belonging to the Zihni Derin tea variety were irradiated with gamma rays at doses of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 Gy using the “Ob-Servo Sanguis Co-60 Research Irradiator” model gamma irradiation device of the Turkish Energy Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency. After irradiation, tea cuttings were taken as single eyes and planted in a mixture of peat and vermiculite. The viability and rooting rates of tea cuttings irradiated with different doses of gamma rays were determined, and the shoot length (mm) measurements were made in the growing tea seedlings. The probit regression analysis performed according to the shoot length, the “Effective Mutation Dose” was found to be 11.45 Gy. After the application with 11.45 Gy, the M1V1 generation was created. Measurements and observations were made on the M1V1 generation. According to the results of the study, a large amount of variation occurred in mutant tea plants in the M1V1-V3 generations. With this study, 140 mutant tea genotypes were obtained, and these genotypes will be transferred to our National Tea Gene Pool.
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    Determination of Effective Mutation Dose (ED50) To Be Used In Variety Treatment In Tea Plant
    (Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Journal of Science and Engineering, 2025-07-29) Karaoğlu Göksu, Burcu; Kaçar Aka, Yıldız; Yazıcı, Keziban
    Although tea is cultivated only in the Eastern Black Sea region of Türkiye, all tea plantations in the area have been established from seeds since the beginning of tea farming. This has negatively affected both yield and quality. The high level of heterozygosity in tea plants and the presence of self-incompatibility mechanisms prolong breeding efforts. Mutation breeding is used as a fast and practical method to induce genetic variation. In leading tea-producing countries such as China, India, Kenya, and Sri Lanka, commercially important tea cultivars have been developed through mutation breeding. However, no such studies have been conducted in Türkiye. This study aimed to determine the effective mutation dose that can be used to induce variation in tea plants. The research was conducted between 2020 and 2021 at the Tea Research Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University. The plant material used was 3–4-node shoots of the Zihni Derin tea cultivar. These shoots were irradiated with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 Gray (Gy) doses using the “Ob-Servo Sanguis Co-60 Research Irradiator” gamma irradiation device at the Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency. Single-node cuttings obtained from the irradiated shoots were planted in a peat-vermiculite mixture. Survival and rooting rates of the tea cuttings exposed to different gamma doses were recorded, and shoot length (mm) was measured in the growing tea seedlings. Survival and rooting rates decreased with increasing radiation dose. Based on a probit regression analysis of shoot length, the “Effective Mutation Dose” for tea was determined to be 11.45 Gy. This study represents the first mutation breeding research on tea in Türkiye and is expected to provide a foundation for future work in this field.