IV. Eurasian conference on nuclear science and its application : presentations, 31 October- 3 November 2006. Baku, Azerbaijan.

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One-nucleon A-> A-1 +N fragmentation of nuclei with A = 7
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Burkova, N. A.; Zhaksybekova, K. A.; Zhusupov, M. A.; Bölüm Yok
Work function of the surface (110)W over niobium atoms
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Imanbekov, Zh.Zh.; Imanbekova, T.D.; Bölüm Yok
The emission properties of the edge (110)W in presence of sub-monolayer coatings with Nb atoms were studied measuring the work function φ, Auger-electron spectroscopy and specters of total currents. It has been shown that in absence of Nb dilution in W, the work function decreases gradually at higher rate of niobium coating over the edge (110) W with its maximal value Δφ = 0.38 eV for a single monolayer. At dilution of Nb films upon annealing there was observed the extreme growth of Δφ. The maximal value of Δφ = 0.67 eV corresponds to the niobium coating rate of Ɵ ~ 0.7.
Investigation of the 6Li(p,γ)7Be reaction at low energies
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Baykal, Adnan; Reyhancan, İskender Atilla; Elmalı, Adnan; Özbir, Yıldıray; Erduran, Nizamettin; TAEK-ÇNAEM
A 6LiF target of 26µg/cm2 thickness was bombarded with 250 keV atomic protons with 50 µA beam current intensity for the experiment. The gamma spectrum emerged from the reaction is measured by HpGe detector using a multichannel analyzer in the 0-7 MeV energy range at 3.3 cm away from the target in the proton beam direction. The ground and the first excited states of 7Be and the energy levels of 19F(p,αγ)16O reaction can separately be detected in the resulted spectrum. The cross section of 6Li(p,γ)7Be reaction at 250 keV energy range has been measured.
Distribution of radionuclides in polluted soils, lake and oil-field waters
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Garibov, A. A.; Mahmudov, H. M.; Muradov, F. R.; Velibeyov, G. Z.; Bölüm Yok
Some electromagnetic transition probabilities and energy levels of 76Se isotope
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Uluer, İ.; Böyükata, M.; Bölüm Yok
The even-even 76Se isotope in the A~80 mass region and the general features of its structures have been investigated within the framework of the interacting boson model-II. The neutron proton version (IBM-II) of this model has previously been applied successfully to the light 76Se isotope with emphasis on the description of the 0+1, 2+1, 0+2, 2+2 and 4+1 states. The energy levels were calculated by using the NPBOS program code including the Hamiltonian parameters. The electromagnetic transition probabilities, B(E2;2+1 ->0+1), B(E2;0+2 ->2+1),B(E2;4+1->2+1), B(E2;2+2->2+1), B(E2;2+2->0+1) and B(M1;2+2->2+1), were computed by using the NPBTRN program code. Neutron-proton boson effective charges (eπ,ev) and g factors (gπ, gv) were obtained by fitting to experimental values. The calculated energy levels and calculation of electromagnetic transition probabilities were compared with experimental and some previous theoretical results. It is seen that they are in good agreement.
Dielectric preperties and peculiarities of radiothermolumi nescence of compositions polypropylene-metal oxides
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Akhmedov, F. Y.; Ismailov, Y. M.; Bagirbekov, H. V.; Magerramov, A. M.; Aliyev, N. Sh.; Bölüm Yok
The given work presents the experimental data on study of temperature dependences c (T) and angle tangent of dielectric losses tgδ (T) of polypropylene (PP) and composites on the basis of beryllium oxide BeO at different components ratios as well as investigation of radiothermoluminessence (RTL) in these systems. Comparing the results on temperature dependencies of dielectric permittivity s, angle tangent of dielectric lasses tgδ and RTL spectra of the studied compositions one can say that observed low -temperature maximum in temperature dependence of electro physical parameters (Ɛ and tgδ) of composites is the result of change of polymer matrix macromolecules molecular mobility and its effect on interfacial interaction with filler. The electro active polymeric films and compositions on their basis are used as sensitive elements, dosimeters, sensors in many branches of industiy, sensor electronics, ecology, etc.[l] Therefore, the study of their electroactive dielectric, sensor properties as well as establishment of interrelation of these properties with structural peculiarities, preparation technology, filling techniques, polarization the methods are the urgent. [2] It should be noted that many properties of composite materials are determined by interfacial interaction in polymer - filler system and its mechanism understanding will allow modification or prediction of their operating characteristic. [3] The present work object was the determination of interrelation between the dielectric properties and interfacial interaction polymer-filler.
Investigation of radiation stability of high temperature proton conductors
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Khromushin, I. V.; Zhotabaev, Zh. R.; Aksenova, T. I.; Kornienko, P. A.; Munasbaeva, K. K.; 0000-0003-1127-7462; Bölüm Yok
Radioecological activity limits for radioactive waste disposal
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Osmanlıoğlu, Ahmet Erdal; 233274; TAEK-ÇNAEM
Near surface disposal is an option used by many countries for the disposal of radioactive waste containing mainly short lived radionuclides. Principally, disposal of radioactive waste requires the implementation of measures that will provide safety for human health and environment now and in the future. For this reason, preliminary activity limits should be determined to avoid radioecological problems. Radioactive waste has to be safely disposed in a regulated manner, consistent with internationally agreed principles and standards and with national legislations to avoid serious radioecological problems. The purpose of this study, presents a safety assessment approach to derive operational and post-closure radioecological activity limits for the disposal of radioactive waste. Radioecological activity concentration limits of each radionuclide in the waste (Bq/kg) were calculated. As a result of this study, radioecological activity limits are derived by calculating the highest dose for each selected radionuclide.
Labeling of somatostatin with 99mTc using DTPA and D-Pa As bifunctional agents
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Acar, Ç.; Teksöz, Serap; Ünak, Perihan; Müftüler, F. Z. B.; Medine, E. İ.; Bölüm Yok
Asymptotic normalization coefficient (nuclear vertex constant) and nuclar astrophysics problems
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Yarmukhamedov, R.; Artemov, S. V.; Burtebaev, N.; Igamov, S. B.; Nie, G. K.; Bölüm Yok
Inter-disciplinary scientific-research complex of in Astana city
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Kadyrzhanov, K. K.; Kuterbekov, K. A.; Koloberdin, M. V.; Jazairov-Kakhramanov, V.; Aleksandrenko, V.; Dzubin, V.; Degtjarev, V.; Zhanbotin, A.; Nurmaganbetova, A.; Bölüm Yok
Inter-disciplinary scientific- research complex on basis of unique accelerator of heavy ions DC-60 is joint development of International intergovernmental organization “Joint Institute of Nuclear Research” (JINR, Dubna city, Russian Federation) and Institute Nuclear Physics of National Nuclear Center of RK. Complex was built in Astana city and is situated near with main building of Eurasian National University af. L.N. Gumilev. The most advanced physical concepts and technical decisions were used for its elaboration which is allowed to create one of the best accelerator in own way in the World.
The effect of extremely anisotropic scattering on the critical slab problem in one-speed neutron transport theory
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Karahasanoğlu Şenyiğit, M.; Kaşkaş, A.; Bölüm Yok
To solve the critical slab problem, the infinite medium Green’s function for the anisotropic scattering obtained in terms of the infinite medium Green’s function for the isotropic scattering is used in the analytical expressions of exit distributions in FN method. The numerical calculations performed using HN method. The convergence of our numerical results is better than FN method.
What happens at very low levels of radiation exposure? Are the low dose exposures beneficial?
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Dalcı, Deniz; TAEK-ÇNAEM
Radiation is naturally present in our environment and has been since the birth of this planet. The human population is constantly exposed to low levels of natural background radiation, primarily from environmental sources, and to higher levels from occupational sources, medical therapy, and other human-mediated events. Radiation is one of the best-investigated hazardous agents. The biological effects of ionizing radiation for radiation protection considerations are grouped into two categories: The deterministic and the stochastic ones. Deterministic radiaton effects can be clinically diagnosed in the exposed individual and occur when above a certain “threshold” an appropriately high dose is absorbed in the tissues and organs to cause the death of a large number of cells and consequently to impair tissue or organ functions early after exposure. A clinically observable biological effect (Acute Radiation Sendromes, ARS) that occurs days to months after an acute radiation dose. Stochastic radiation effects are the chronic effects of radiation result from relatively low exposure levels delivered over long periods of time. These are sort of effects that might result from occupational exposure, or to the background exposure levels. Such late effects might be the development of malignant (cancerous) disease and of the hereditary consequences. These effects may be observed many years after the radiation exposure. There is a latent period between the initial radiation exposure and the development of the biological effect. For this reason, a stochastic effect is called a Linear or Zero-Threshold Dose-Response Effect Exposure to very low levels of radiation is a controversial issue, originating many debates throughout the scientific community. What happens at very low levels of radiation exposure? There is a stochastic correlation between the number of cases of cancers or genetic defects developed inside a population and the dose received by the population at relatively large levels of radiation. Although there is no scientific evidence to prove, attempts have been made to extrapolate the data from these levels of dose to low levels of dose (close to the levels received from background radiation). Studies of populations living in high natural-background areas have not reported detrimental health effects attributable to radiation. The research has also demonstrated that the types and numbers of gene activated by low doses of radiation are different than those activated by high radiation doses. These changes in gene activation seem to be able to modify the response of cells to subsequent radiation exposure, termed the "adaptive response". This adaptive response seems to be the manifestation of a protective effect that may reduce risk at very low doses. Current knowledge in molecular biology shows no evidence of a threshold effect for Stochastic Effects. Therefore, any level of radiation may be considered to cause them. Conversely, some studies show that low levels of irradiation are in fact beneficial to the health (Radiation Hormesis). However, in the absence of clear scientific evidence, the regulators adopted a conservative approach and consider all levels of radiation as being potentially damaging to the human body (LNT theory). According to LNT theory; the effects of low doses of ionizing radiation can be estimated by linear extrapolation from effects observed by linear extrapolation from effects observed by high doses. There is not any safe dose because even very low doses of ionizing radiation produce some biological effect. The results of many investigations do not support the LNT theory. Furthermore relationship between environmental radon concentrations and lung cancer even contradict this theory and clearly suggest a hormetic effect -radiation hormesis-. Although data are still incomplete, extensive epidemiological studies have indicated that radiation hormesis is really exist. In this rewiev, contradictory evidence Lineer No-Threshold Theory and Radiation Hormesis Effect is discussed.
The investigation of availability of energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence system to observing bread staling
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Sağsöz, M. Erdem; Kotancılar, H. Gürbüz; Karaoğlu, M. Murat; Gerçekaslan, K. Emre; Erzeneoğlu, Salih Z.; 31789; Bölüm Yok
Bread staling mechanism has been investigated for a long time but, because of the mechanism of bread staling is a rather complex phenomenon, it is not entirely understood. The economic losses caused by bread staling are incredibly important for the world economy. It is generally accepted that starch reorganization is major cause of bread staling. Starch ciystallization in bread increases with time during staling. The crystallites formation due to retrogradation of starch (mainly amylopectin) has been studied by both X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In this study, Ncoh/ NComp (R) intensity ratios are measured as functions of storage time with a Si(Li) detector using Am-241 annular source. The texture measurements have also been performed. Our experimental results are presented and discussed in this study.
HTR fuel: safety features and performance analysis
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Çolak, Ü.; Yıldırım, B.; Özdere Gülol, Oya; TAEK-NGD
High Temperature Reactors (HTRs) are among the candidates for the possible next generation nuclear plant. HTRs are expected to offer inherent safety characteristics, low cost of electricity generation, and short construction period. Especially, the synergy of HTRs with hydrogen generation is a significant advantage. There are two mainstream designs: prismatic and pebble bed. Different fuel options can be considered such as uranium dioxide, uranium carboxide (UCO), and the (U,Pu) mixed oxide. Such reactors can also be used to eliminate weapon plutonium stockpiles and for nuclear waste transmutation. Thorium can be used in such reactors as fuel. Presence of only ceramic materials in the core, large graphite inventory as a heat sink, and inherent safety characteristics of such reactors make them very attractive. The basic building block of HTR fuel elements is TRISO coated particles. A TRISO particle is made of a fuel kernel, surrounded by a low density porous pyrolitic carbon (the buffer), high density inner pyrolitic carbon, SiC, and high density outer pyrolitic carbon layers. The SiC layer acts as the primary pressure boundary. Normally, SiC is a very strong material and can withstand temperatures up to 1800 C. Beyond that temperature, thermal decomposition may be observed over extended time periods. The buffer layer is used to accommodate volume expansion due to swelling and fission products. Pyrolitic carbon layers protect the SiC layer, keep the SiC under compression, and act as a barrier against gaseous fission products. In this study, main features provided by TRISO particles, their common failure modes, and basic elements for their performance analysis will be discussed. An important failure mode corresponds to over-pressurization and mechanical failure of the pressure vessel (the SiC layer). Comparisons of mechanical response of the fuel with simple analytical as well as finite element calculations will be provided.
About limitation of elementery particles mass
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Mukhtarov, A. I.; Bölüm Yok
The simple examples of spontaneous breaking of various symmetries for the scalar theory with fundamental mass have been considered Higgs' generalizations on "fundamental mass” that was introduced into the theory on a basis of the five-dimensional de Sitter space are found
Labelling of tamoxifen with I-131 by iodogen method
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Müftüler, F. Z. B.; Ünak, Perihan; Teksöz, Serap; Acar, Ç.; Yolcular, S.; 34687; Bölüm Yok
Elastic scattering of protons from 12C, 16O , 27Al
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Baktybaev, M. K.; Burtebayev, N.; Burminskii, V. P.; Jazairov-Kakhramanov, V.; Zazulin, D. M.; Zarifov, R. A.; Kerimkulov, Zh. K.; Kadyrzhanov, K. K.; Peterson, R. J.; 0000-0001-5931-3149; Bölüm Yok
The differential elastic scattering cross sections for protons from 12C nuclei have been measured for incident proton energies from 150 to 1203 keV, believed to be accurate to 10%, using a recently constructed precision scattering chamber. Excitation functions have been measured at the centre-of-mass angles 90° and 170° and angular distributions from 10° to 170° have been measured at 231, 344, 402, 443, 457, 470, 747, 975 and 1203 keV. The 1/2+ state in 13N was observed near 457 keV in p-12C scattering. A set of parameters has been derived for a global optical potential from elastic p-12C scattering with present range of energy. The optical model predictions were tested with data from present experiment.
The transmitted radiation intensity through a scatter
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Meriç, N.; 29827; Bölüm Yok
Monte Carlo simulation was applied to the investigation of transmitted radiation intensity through a scatterer. Simulations consisted of a pencil beam of monoenergetic photons with energies from 50 keV to 10 meV incident on water, aluminium, iron, copper, tin and lead slabs. We determined the scattered radiation and the scatter fractions recorded in the detector plane. An empirical formula which is a function of the physical parameters scatterer thickness, the linear attenuation coefficient, and the atomic number was obtained for transmitted radiation intensity through a scatterer.
Radiation-thermal purification of waste water from oil pollution
(Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Institute of Radiation Problems ve Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 2006) Mustafayev, I.; Rzayev, R.; Guliyeva, N.; Bölüm Yok
In this work the results of radiation-thermal decomposition of n-heptane micro-admixtures in water medium are adduced. The main parameters of radiolysis change within the bounds: temperature 20-400°C, absorbed dose -0÷10.8 kGy at dose rate 3.6 kGy/h. The correlation of n-heptane concentration and water steam changed within [C5H12]/[H20] = (1-100) 10(-5). Total concentration of steam was about 10(20)molec/ml. As a product of decomposition are observed H2, CO, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H8, C3H6, C4H8, hydrocarbons C5+, and C6. The changes of n-heptane concentration in the reactor also were established. The chain regime of n-heptane decomposition at high temperatures in the irradiated mixture is observed. The critical value of temperature and mixture ratio of components, under which the break of chain process of normal n-heptane occurs are defined. The mechanisms of proceeding radiation thermal processes in hydrocarbons-water system are discussed.

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