Browsing by Category "Makale- Uluslararası- Hakemli Dergi"
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Item FAST AND THERMAL NEUTRON REMOVAL CROSS-SECTION FOR CERAMIC GLASS ALUMINUM OXYNITRIDE(Dergipark, 2024-09-08) Yıldırım, AydınThis study investigates the effectiveness of transparent aluminum oxynitride (AlON) in neutron shielding, focusing on both fast and thermal neutrons. Using conventional radiation attenuation parameters, the macroscopic neutron removal cross-sections of AlON were calculated for varying neutron energies and material thicknesses. The Geant4 simulation toolkit was employed to model and analyze the neutron interactions with AlON. The results indicate that AlON exhibits a high neutron shielding capacity for fast neutrons (2 MeV), with transmission factor values ranging from 0.783 to 0.260 for material thicknesses between 1 and 10 cm. These values are nearly identical to those for water, which range from 0.782 to 0.257, highlighting AlON's comparable performance. However, for thermal neutrons, AlON's performance was less effective, only surpassing lead but not concrete or water. The findings suggest that while AlON is highly effective for fast neutron shielding, it may require complementary materials to adequately shield thermal neutrons. This could involve using AlON in combination with other materials to create a more comprehensive neutron shielding solution. AlON shows significant potential as a neutron shielding material, particularly for fast neutrons. Its integration with additional shielding materials could enhance its overall effectiveness, making it suitable for various nuclear and radiation protection applications.Item First constraints on Non-minimally coupled Natural and Coleman-Weinberg inflation in the light of massive neutrino self-interactions and Planck+BICEP/Keck(SISSA, 2024-07-22) Bostan, Nilay; Roy Choudhuryb, ShouvikIn this work, for the first time in literature, we compare the predictions of nonminimally coupled Natural and Coleman-Weinberg potentials in the ns − r plane against the constraints from the latest cosmological data in an extended ΛCDM model where we include non-standard self-interactions among massive neutrinos, mediated by a heavy scalar or vector boson. For the inflationary potentials, we consider two different formulations in gravity that are non-minimally coupled to the scalar field of the inflaton: Metric and Palatini. We only consider the self-interaction to be present among τ-neutrinos and only at moderate strengths. This is because strong interactions among τ-neutrinos, or any strength self-interaction among electron- and muon-neutrinos, as well as any strength flavor-universal interactions, are strongly disfavoured from particle physics experiments. In terms of cosmological data, we use the latest public CMB datasets from Planck and BICEP/Keck collaborations, along with other data from CMB lensing, BAO, RSD, and SNe Ia luminosity distance measurements. We find that there are some situations where predictions from the inflationary models are ruled out at more than 2σ by the minimal ΛCDM+r model, but they are allowed in the self-interacting neutrino scenario.Item Gamma rays induced enhancement in the phytonutrient capacities of tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)(Frontiers, 2023-08-03) Kantoğlu Kadriye Yaprak; İç Erhan; Özmen Dilan; Bulut F. Şebnem; Ergun Ece; Kantoğlu Ömer; Özçoban MustafaOne of the most important problems for the field-grown Ayaş tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Ayas population), which is preferred for consumption in Central Anatolia because of its aromatic taste, is that the shelf life is short because of insufficient fruit firmness. Therefore, a study was initiated to develop high-quality lines and variety candidates through mutation breeding in the current Ayaş population. In this study, the effective mutation dose (EMD50) was found to be 150 Gy for seeds using a Cobalt-60 gamma ray source. The main mutant population was generated by applying EMD50. During the study, mutant lines selected by following the classicalmutation breeding stages were evaluated in terms of yield and quality traits (antioxidant content, total soluble solid amount, fruit firmness, Brix, etc.) starting from the M4 stage. One of our aims was to determine and improve the phytonutrient content of field-grown tomatoes. The fruits of selected lines at the M4 stage were extracted by liquid-liquid partition and accelerated solvent extraction techniques and analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in this study. Itwas found that 28 of the 29mutant lines were significantly different from the control and mutant lines. Mutant lines 9-22, 8-90, 8-135, and 8-127 were determined to be the most promising for commercialization.Item GAMMA RAYS INDUCED ENHANCEMENT IN THE PHYTONUTRIENT CAPACITIES OF TOMATO (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)(Frontiers, 2023-08-03) Kantoğlu, K. Yaprak; İç, Erhan; Özmen, Dilan; Bulut, F. Şebnem; Ergun, Ece; Kantoğlu, Ömer; Özçoban, MustafaOne of the most important problems for the field-grown Ayaş tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Ayas population), which is preferred for consumption in Central Anatolia because of its aromatic taste, is that the shelf life is short because of insufficient fruit firmness. Therefore, a study was initiated to develop high-quality lines and variety candidates through mutation breeding in the current Ayaş population. In this study, the effective mutation dose (EMD50) was found to be 150 Gy for seeds using a Cobalt-60 gamma ray source. The main mutant population was generated by applying EMD50. During the study, mutant lines selected by following the classical mutation breeding stages were evaluated in terms of yield and quality traits (antioxidant content, total soluble solid amount, fruit firmness, Brix, etc.) starting from the M4 stage. One of our aims was to determine and improve the phytonutrient content of field-grown tomatoes. The fruits of selected lines at the M4 stage were extracted by liquidliquid partition and accelerated solvent extraction techniques and analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in this study. It was found that 28 of the 29 mutant lines were significantly different from the control and mutant lines. Mutant lines 9-22, 8-90, 8-135, and 8-127 were determined to be the most promising for commercialization.Item Inflation in symmergent metric-Palatini gravity(Sissa, 2024-02-21) Bostan, Nilay; Karahan, Canan; Sargın, OzanIn this paper, we study the cosmological inflation phenomenon in symmergent gravity theory. Symmergent gravity is a novel framework which merges gravity and the standard model (SM) so that the gravity emerges from the matter loops and restores the broken gauge symmetries along the way. Symmergent gravity is capable of inducing the gravitational constant G and the quadratic curvature coefficient cO from the loop corrections of the matter sector in a flat space-time. In the event that all the matter fields, including the beyond the standard model (BSM) sector, are mass degenerate, the vacuum energy can be expressed in terms of G and cO. The parameter which measures the deviation from the mass degeneracy is dubbed ˆ α. The parameters, cO and ˆ α, of symmergent gravity convey the information about the fermion and boson balance in the matter (SM+BSM) sector in number and in mass, respectively. In our analysis, we have investigated the space of the symmergent parameters cO and ˆ α wherein they produce results that comply with the inflationary observables ns, r, and dns/dlnk. Wehaveshownthatthevacuumenergytogetherwiththequadraticcurvaturetermarising in the symmergent gravity prescription are capable of inflating the universe provided that the quadratic curvature coefficient cO is negative (which corresponds to fermion dominance in number in the matter sector) and the deviation from the mass degeneracy in the matter sector is minute for both boson mass dominance and fermion mass dominance cases.Item Influence of Gamma Irradiation on Pollen Viability, Pollen Tube Growth, and Fruit Development in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)(The Horticulture Journal / The Japanese Society of Horticulture, 2024-03-16) Kantoğlu Kadriye Yaprak; 372103The goal of this study was to assess whether irradiated pollen technology could be used in tomato breeding research. The effects of irradiation on pollen viability, fruit set rate, and embryo formation were investigated. For this purpose, pollens were exposed to gamma rays of 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 Grays (Gy). The effect of irradiation on pollen viability and tube growth was found to be significant based on counting and measurements performed under in vitro conditions at 24, 48, 72, and 144 h after irradiation. Fruit set and embryo formation in seeds were evaluated 30 days after pollination with pollen irradiated at different doses. It was determined that increasing the irradiation dose resulted in reduced pollen viability and tube length. Endosperm formation was detected in all seeds after 50 Gy of irradiation. However, 50 Gy had no effect on gynogenesis stimulation. Therefore, 100, 200, and 300 Gy doses stimulated embryo formation without endosperm, while 400 Gy of irradiated pollen did not support fruit to set. These results indicate the importance of harvesting time to obtain viable embryos. It should be retracted to an earlier time since late harvest resulted in necrosis of globular embryos on the 30th day after irradiation. Pollination with one-day-old irradiated pollen was more suitable for gynogenesis induction. The results showed that the irradiated pollen technique can be applied in tomato breeding studies, especially in terms of purifying the obtained breeding lines in a shorter time. In particular, determining the appropriate induction dose for gynogenesis depending on the genotype is important for stimulation efficiency.Item Metabolite profiling of four Tunisian Eucalyptus essential oils and assessment of their insecticidal and antifungal activities(Elsevier, 2023-11-16) Khedri, Sana; Khammassi, Marwa; Bouhachem, Sonia Boukhris; Pieracci, Ylenia; Mabrouk, Yassine; Seçer, Emine; Amri, Ismail; Flamini, Guido; Hamrouni, LamiaAphids (Aphidoidea) and Fusarium spp. are widely recognized as destructive pests that cause significant damage to crops on a global scale. This study aimed to ascertain the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) of four Tunisian Eucalyptus species and evaluate their toxicity against common aphids and phytopathogenic fungi. The EOs were obtained via hydrodistillation and subsequently analyzed using GC-MS. The chemical composition analysis revealed the presence of five distinct chemical classes in the EOs: monoterpene hydrocarbons (3.8–16.7 %), oxygenated monoterpenes (5.5–86.0 %), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (0.2–2.2 %), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (4.2–86.7 %), and non-terpene derivatives (0.1–14.1 %).Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) of the Eucalyptus leaf EOs highlighted significant differences among them, leading to the generation of distinct HCA clades representing at least twelve major components. The statistical analysis clearly demonstrated a dose-response relationship, indicating the impact of the tested EOs on the growth of insects and fungal mycelium. The observed effects varied due to the variability in the chemical compositions of the EOs. Notably, among the EOs tested, Eucalyptus lesoufii Maiden exhibited particularly potent effects against the targeted insect and fungal species. This research contributes to the ongoing explo- ration of natural alternatives to chemical pesticides, providing further insights for potential in- dustrial applications. It underscores the versatility of these EOs and their potential as valuable candidates in strategies for pest and disease management.Item Microstructural Investigation of Discarded NdFeB Magnets After Low‑Temperature Hydrogenation(Springer, 2024-06-16) Habibzadeh, Alireza; Kucuker, Mehmet Ali; Çakır, Öznur; Gökelma, MertolWith the imposition of some restrictions or the export of rare earth elements (REEs) by China, a dominant producer of these elements, the supply of REEs will soon be a challenge. To mitigate the supplv risk of REEs, a lot of attention has been paid to recycling recently. Despite the more commun recycling methods, including hydrometallurgical and pyrometalluraıcal processes, the hydrogen processing of magnetic serap (HPMS) is stili in the development stage. Magnet-to-magnet recycling via hydrogenation of end-of-life (EoL)NdFcB magnets provides a fine powder suitable for the produetion of new magnets from secondary sources, One of the crucial aspects of HPMS is the degree of recovery of the magnetic properties, as the yield effıciency can easily reach över 96%, The amount. morphology. and distribution of the Nd-rich phase are the key parameters to achieve the highest ma\imum energv produet (BH)max by isolatıng the matrix grain. Therefore, a better insight into the microstructure of the matrix grains and the Nd-rich phase before and alî er hydrogenation is an important aspect in terms of restoring the final magnetic properties. In this study, a low-temperature hydrogenation process in the range of roon. temperature to 400 °C was conducted to recycle NdFeB magnets fforn ııscarded hard disk drives (HDDs), and the hydroaenated powder was chaıacterized by eleetron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. fhe results show that there are three different morphologies of the Nd-rich phase, which undergo two different transformations through oxidation and hydride fbrmation. While at lower temperatures (below 250 °C) the degree of pulverization is higher and the experimental evidence of hydride formation is less clear, the opposite is true at higher temperatures. The formation of neodymium hydride at higher temperatures prevents fiırther oxidation of the Nd-rich phase due to its higb stability.Item The study of dosimetric properties of sulfanilic acid in low radiation dose range using the ESR technique(Taylor&Francis, 2024-01-26) Tepe Çam, SemraThe development of new dosimeters with good dosimetric proper-ties is important for quality control in radiation applications. In thisstudy, the potential of sulfanilic acid (C6H7NO3S) powder form, as adosimeter in low-dose ionizing radiation (<30 Gy), was analyzed byan Electron Spin Resonance spectrometer (Bruker EMX-131 X-band).Gamma irradiations were performed at room temperature (290 K)using a60Co gamma cell supplying a dose rate of 32 Gy/h and Xphoton irradiations at 6 and 18 MV energies were performed usinga variant DHX model clinical linear accelerator (Linac) at a dose rateof 3 Gy/min. While unirradiated (control) sulfanilic acid exhibited noESR signal, the irradiated sample showed a single-line ESR spectrumspread over a magnetic field range of 100 G, as shown in Figure2.Variations of the peak heights with the sample mass irradiated at2 Gy gamma dose were studied in the range of 130–330 mg. The ESRsignal intensity observed at g-factor=2.0053 of this compound isdependent on sample mass, so∼250 mg was chosen at each step ofthe study. The paramagnetic center formed in the gamma-irradiatedsulfanilic acid was followed over 50 days. The dose-response curveswere given in the dose range from 0.05 to 10 Gy for the sampleexposed to gamma radiation and for the sample exposed in therange of 0.05 Gy–30 Gy at 6 and 18 MV X-ray energies. The fittingvalues of the function that best describes dose-response curves arecalculated. In the g value region, where the ESR signal was observedin the irradiated sample, the lowest dose value at which the sig-nal could be read was 50 mGy, significantly different from the noise.With all these investigations, sulfanilic acid can be used to esti-mate gamma radiation dose within boundary conditions in medicalapplications.