Müşküle üzümü çeşitinde depolama sırasında büyük kayba neden olan botrvis cinerea pers'nın ışınlama + soğutma kombine uygulamasıyla engellenmesi
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Date
1988
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T.A.E.K., Ankara Nükleer Tarım Araştırma Merkezi
Abstract
Ülkemizde depolamaya alınan üzümlerden en önemlisi olan Müşküle üzümünün depolama sırasında en büyük problemi Botrytis cinereanın neden olduğu "Gri Küf Hastalığı"dır. Bu çalışmada gama radyasyonu+soğuma kombine uygulamasıyla B.cinerea ile inokule edilmiş üzüm tanelerinde enfeksiyonu engelleyen optimum doz araştırılmıştır.
İznik’teki bağlardan temin edilen Müşküle üzümleri %0.5'lik NaOCl ile yüzeysel olarak dezenfekte edilmiştir. Sonra B.cinerea spor süspansiyonu ile inokule edilerek 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 kGy'lik dozlarda ODTÜ'deki 60Co kaynağında (1.294 krad/dak) ışınlanmıştır. Örnekler 3-4°C ve % 90-95 nisbi nemde gelişmeye bırakılmıştır.Her doz için 3 paralel olmak üzere toplam 18 petrilik örnek hazırlanmıştır.
Hasat ile ışınlama arasındaki sürenin önemini belirlemek için bu uygulamalar hasattan 17 gün sonra ve 34 gün sonra yapılan ışınlama uygulamaları şeklinde çift faktörlü olarak kurulmuştur.
Sonuçta; genel olarak ışınlamadan sonra geçen süre arttıkça ışınlananın etkisi azalmış, yüksek dozlarda özellikle ileriki günlerde enfeksiyon fazla olmuştur. Hasattan 17 gün sonra yapılan ışınlamada 4 kGy'lik. doz enfeksiyonu 17 gün kadar geciktirmesine karşılık, hasattan 34 gün sonra yapılan uygulamada ise 5 kGv'lik doz sadece 3 gün geciktirmiştir.
In our country the most important stored grape is Müşküle. The major problem of this grape is gray mould disease which is caused by Botrytis cinerea. A lot of researcher have demanstrated that, using gamma rays, storage time of grape (which means to delay B. cinerea infection) has been extended. Also these research finding showed that irradiation was more advantageous than chemicals, and irradiation refrigeration treatment was more hopeful. A Joint Expert Committee on the Whosemeness of Irradiated Foods (JECFI) convened by the WHO, FAO and IAEA concluded in 1980, that foods irradiated with a dose up to 10 kGy are whole some for human consumption. After that, these conclusion of JECFI was adopted the Codex General Standard for Irradiated Food by the Joint FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission. Parallel to these findings for determination of the optimum dose which inhibits infection, Müşküle grapes were inoculated with B.cinerea suspension, artifically (1.87x10(6) spor/ml) and were irradiated with doses of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, kGy 60Co (1.254 krad/min). The experimental design was randomized plot design with three replication and the two treatment applications were done at 17 and 34 day after harvest. Infection rates are observed at 3-4°C temparature and 90-95%relative humidity. As a results of this research it was concluded that, generally, the effect of irradiation decreased with increase of time after irradiation. Infection rate increased especially in late period at high doses. After 17 day harvesting treatment infection has been delayed 17 day with 4 kGy, but it has been delayed only 3 day with 5 kGy after 34 day harvesting treatment. It was seen that it is possible to obtain more hopeful results with decreasing the time between irradiation and harvest.
In our country the most important stored grape is Müşküle. The major problem of this grape is gray mould disease which is caused by Botrytis cinerea. A lot of researcher have demanstrated that, using gamma rays, storage time of grape (which means to delay B. cinerea infection) has been extended. Also these research finding showed that irradiation was more advantageous than chemicals, and irradiation refrigeration treatment was more hopeful. A Joint Expert Committee on the Whosemeness of Irradiated Foods (JECFI) convened by the WHO, FAO and IAEA concluded in 1980, that foods irradiated with a dose up to 10 kGy are whole some for human consumption. After that, these conclusion of JECFI was adopted the Codex General Standard for Irradiated Food by the Joint FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission. Parallel to these findings for determination of the optimum dose which inhibits infection, Müşküle grapes were inoculated with B.cinerea suspension, artifically (1.87x10(6) spor/ml) and were irradiated with doses of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, kGy 60Co (1.254 krad/min). The experimental design was randomized plot design with three replication and the two treatment applications were done at 17 and 34 day after harvest. Infection rates are observed at 3-4°C temparature and 90-95%relative humidity. As a results of this research it was concluded that, generally, the effect of irradiation decreased with increase of time after irradiation. Infection rate increased especially in late period at high doses. After 17 day harvesting treatment infection has been delayed 17 day with 4 kGy, but it has been delayed only 3 day with 5 kGy after 34 day harvesting treatment. It was seen that it is possible to obtain more hopeful results with decreasing the time between irradiation and harvest.
Description
TENMAK D.N.. 8538
Keywords
Food irradiation, Gıda ışınlaması, Gamma rays, Gama ışınları, Irradiated foods, Işınlanmış gıdalar, Food -- Technology, Gıda -- Teknoloji
Citation
Tiryaki, O. (1988). Müşküle üzümü çeşitinde depolama sırasında büyük kayba neden olan botrvis cinerea pers'nın ışınlama + soğutma kombine uygulamasıyla engellenmesi. Ankara : T.A.E.K., Ankara Nükleer Tarım Araştırma Merkezi.