Boron and Zinc Co‑doped Hydroxyapatites for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications
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Date
2025-07-30
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Springer Nature
Abstract
In this study, effects of B and Zn co-doping on structural and biological properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) were investigated.
Effect of co-doping on synthesized HA groups was characterized by SEM, ICP-OES, XRD, FTIR, and dynamic light
scattering. It was revealed that 8 mol% B led to a decrease in particle size, whereas increasing Zn resulted in increasing mean
particle size. FTIR spectra verified presence of PO4
3− and BO3
3− in the HA structure. XRD analysis revealed that both B and
Zn decreased HA phase percentage, crystallinity and crystallite size. Bioactivity of the HA groups increased with presence
of B and Zn. Dual effect of B and Zn on viability and proliferation of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) was also
investigated. It was found that 8 mol% B doped and all B & Zn-doped HA groups increased cell viability and proliferation,
except 8 mol% B & 8 mol% Zn doped HA. Moreover, 0.5 mg/ml 8 mol% B & 4 mol% Zn doped HA group significantly
increased 14-day ALP activity of hADSCs and vessel area of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Overall,
Co-doping of B (8 mol%) and Zn (4 mol%) to HA provided both proliferative and osteogenic effects on hADSCs and
angiogenic effect on HUVECs. Our findings suggest that B and Zn co-doped HA holds promise for bone tissue engineering
applications.
Description
Keywords
Angiogenesis, Bone tissue engineering · Boron · Hydroxyapatite · Zinc, Boron, Hydroxyapatite, Zinc